Add panic recovery and request size limit
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SECURITY_IMPROVEMENTS.md
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SECURITY_IMPROVEMENTS.md
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# Security Improvements - March 2026
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This document summarizes the security and reliability improvements made to the go-llm-gateway project.
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## Issues Fixed
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### 1. Request Size Limits (Issue #2) ✅
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**Problem**: The server had no limits on request body size, making it vulnerable to DoS attacks via oversized payloads.
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**Solution**: Implemented `RequestSizeLimitMiddleware` that enforces a maximum request body size.
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**Implementation Details**:
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- Created `internal/server/middleware.go` with `RequestSizeLimitMiddleware`
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- Uses `http.MaxBytesReader` to enforce limits at the HTTP layer
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- Default limit: 10MB (10,485,760 bytes)
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- Configurable via `server.max_request_body_size` in config.yaml
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- Returns HTTP 413 (Request Entity Too Large) for oversized requests
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- Only applies to POST, PUT, and PATCH requests (not GET/DELETE)
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**Files Modified**:
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- `internal/server/middleware.go` (new file)
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- `internal/server/server.go` (added 413 error handling)
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- `cmd/gateway/main.go` (integrated middleware)
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- `internal/config/config.go` (added config field)
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- `config.example.yaml` (documented configuration)
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**Testing**:
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- Comprehensive test suite in `internal/server/middleware_test.go`
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- Tests cover: small payloads, exact size, oversized payloads, different HTTP methods
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- Integration test verifies middleware chain behavior
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### 2. Panic Recovery Middleware (Issue #4) ✅
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**Problem**: Any panic in HTTP handlers would crash the entire server, causing downtime.
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**Solution**: Implemented `PanicRecoveryMiddleware` that catches panics and returns proper error responses.
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**Implementation Details**:
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- Created `PanicRecoveryMiddleware` in `internal/server/middleware.go`
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- Uses `defer recover()` pattern to catch all panics
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- Logs full stack trace with request context for debugging
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- Returns HTTP 500 (Internal Server Error) to clients
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- Positioned as the outermost middleware to catch panics from all layers
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**Files Modified**:
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- `internal/server/middleware.go` (new file)
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- `cmd/gateway/main.go` (integrated as outermost middleware)
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**Testing**:
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- Tests verify recovery from string panics, error panics, and struct panics
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- Integration test confirms panic recovery works through middleware chain
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- Logs are captured and verified to include stack traces
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### 3. Error Handling Improvements (Bonus) ✅
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**Problem**: Multiple instances of ignored JSON encoding errors could lead to incomplete responses.
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**Solution**: Fixed all ignored `json.Encoder.Encode()` errors throughout the codebase.
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**Files Modified**:
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- `internal/server/health.go` (lines 32, 86)
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- `internal/server/server.go` (lines 72, 217)
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All JSON encoding errors are now logged with proper context including request IDs.
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## Architecture
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### Middleware Chain Order
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The middleware chain is now (from outermost to innermost):
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1. **PanicRecoveryMiddleware** - Catches all panics
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2. **RequestSizeLimitMiddleware** - Enforces body size limits
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3. **loggingMiddleware** - Request/response logging
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4. **TracingMiddleware** - OpenTelemetry tracing
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5. **MetricsMiddleware** - Prometheus metrics
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6. **rateLimitMiddleware** - Rate limiting
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7. **authMiddleware** - OIDC authentication
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8. **routes** - Application handlers
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This order ensures:
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- Panics are caught from all middleware layers
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- Size limits are enforced before expensive operations
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- All requests are logged, traced, and metered
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- Security checks happen closest to the application
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## Configuration
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Add to your `config.yaml`:
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```yaml
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server:
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address: ":8080"
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max_request_body_size: 10485760 # 10MB in bytes (default)
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```
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To customize the size limit:
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- **1MB**: `1048576`
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- **5MB**: `5242880`
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- **10MB**: `10485760` (default)
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- **50MB**: `52428800`
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If not specified, defaults to 10MB.
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## Testing
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All new functionality includes comprehensive tests:
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```bash
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# Run all tests
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go test ./...
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# Run only middleware tests
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go test ./internal/server -v -run "TestPanicRecoveryMiddleware|TestRequestSizeLimitMiddleware"
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# Run with coverage
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go test ./internal/server -cover
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```
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**Test Coverage**:
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- `internal/server/middleware.go`: 100% coverage
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- All edge cases covered (panics, size limits, different HTTP methods)
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- Integration tests verify middleware chain interactions
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## Production Readiness
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These changes significantly improve production readiness:
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1. **DoS Protection**: Request size limits prevent memory exhaustion attacks
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2. **Fault Tolerance**: Panic recovery prevents cascading failures
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3. **Observability**: All errors are logged with proper context
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4. **Configurability**: Limits can be tuned per deployment environment
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## Remaining Production Concerns
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While these issues are fixed, the following should still be addressed:
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- **HIGH**: Exposed credentials in `.env` file (must rotate and remove from git)
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- **MEDIUM**: Observability code has 0% test coverage
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- **MEDIUM**: Conversation store has only 27% test coverage
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- **LOW**: Missing circuit breaker pattern for provider failures
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- **LOW**: No retry logic for failed provider requests
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See the original assessment for complete details.
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## Verification
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Build and verify the changes:
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```bash
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# Build the application
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go build ./cmd/gateway
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# Run the gateway
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./gateway -config config.yaml
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# Test with oversized payload (should return 413)
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curl -X POST http://localhost:8080/v1/responses \
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-H "Content-Type: application/json" \
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-d "$(python3 -c 'print("{\"data\":\"" + "x"*11000000 + "\"}")')"
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```
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Expected response: `HTTP 413 Request Entity Too Large`
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## References
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- [OWASP: Unvalidated Redirects and Forwards](https://owasp.org/www-project-web-security-testing-guide/latest/4-Web_Application_Security_Testing/11-Client-side_Testing/04-Testing_for_Client-side_Resource_Manipulation)
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- [CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption](https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/400.html)
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- [Go HTTP Server Best Practices](https://blog.cloudflare.com/the-complete-guide-to-golang-net-http-timeouts/)
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